root/library/bdm/bdmroot.h @ 915

/*!
  \file
  \brief Bayesian Models (bm) that use Bayes rule to learn from observations
  \author Vaclav Smidl.

  -----------------------------------
  BDM++ - C++ library for Bayesian Decision Making under Uncertainty

  Using IT++ for numerical operations
  -----------------------------------
*/

#ifndef root_H
#define root_H

#include <string>
#include <bitset>

#include "itpp_ext.h"
#include "bdmerror.h"

#ifdef MEX
        #include "base/libconfig/lib/libconfig.h++"     
        // TODO DODELAT A NAHRADIT #include "base/libconfig_mex.h"
#else
        #include "base/libconfig/lib/libconfig.h++"
#endif


using namespace libconfig;
using namespace itpp;
using namespace std;

namespace bdm {
        
//! auxiliary function for debugging
void UI_DBG (const Setting &S, const string &spc, ostream &out );


//! Forward class declaration
class logger;

//! base class for all log_levels
//!
//! the existence of this class is forced by the necessity of passing log_levels to user_info methods, however, the main functionality
//! is located in \c log_level_template class
class log_level_base {
private:
        // UserInfo class have to be able to read all the internal 
        // attributes to be able to write/read log_level to/from a Setting structure
        friend class UI;

        //! this is necessary to allow logger to set ids vector appropriately and also to set registered_logger
        friend class logger; 

protected:
        //! boolean flags related indicating which details will be logged to a logger
        bitset<32> values;
        
        //! vector of vectors of log IDs - one element for each entry and multiple entries can be stored on the position of one enum
        Vec<ivec> ids;

        //! internal pointer to the logger to which this log_level is registered
        //! 
        //! it is set to NULL at the beginning
        logger * registered_logger;

public:
        //! default constructor
        log_level_base() {
                registered_logger = NULL;
        }


        //! a general utility transforming a comma-separated sequence of strings into an instance of Array<strings>
        static Array<string> string2Array( const string &input );

        //! string equivalents of the used enumerations which are filled with a help of #LOG_LEVEL macro within class T
        virtual const Array<string> &names() const = 0;
};

//! Root class of BDM objects
class root {
private:
        //! It is necessary to allow calling of from_setting and to_setting within the UI class ++ i log_options
        friend class UI;

protected:

        /*!     
        \brief Read instance properties according the data stored in the Setting structure.
        It has to be called only through UI class, therefore it is protected 

        At the begining of this method, it is obligatory to call
        the corresponding base::from_setting method. Sometimes, there can be 
        an exception from this rule. If so, the programmer is encouraged 
        to describe the reasons for this exception in the documentation in detail.
        
        Then, all the configuration     components should be read through the UI mechanism. 
        Those with UI::SettingPresence set to optional shoud have their defaults fulfilled 
        within the body of this method.

        For instance, declaring a class \c trunk derived from our #root class, 
        the implementation of the from_setting method should look like this

        \code

        public trunk : public root {

                anytype xxx, yyy;

                virtual void from_setting ( const Setting &set ) {
                        root::from_setting( set );
                        
                        UI::get ( xxx, set, "xxx", UI::compulsory );

                        if ( !UI::get ( yyy, set, "yyy", UI::optional ) ) {
                                ... // here, it is necessary to set the default of attribute yyy                                                
                        }

                        ... // another stuff related to trunk class
                }

                ... // other members of this class
        };

        \endcode
        */
        virtual void from_setting ( const Setting &set ) {
        }

        /*!     
        \brief  Save all the instance properties into the Setting structure.
        It has to be called only through UI class, therefore it is protected 

        The only obligatory rule concerning the body of this method is to call
        the corresponding base::to_setting method first.        Sometimes, there can 
        be an exception from this rule. If so, the programmer is encouraged 
        to describe the reasons for this exception in the documentation in detail.
        
        For instance, declaring
        a class \c trunk derived from our #root class, the implementation of 
        the to_setting method should look like this

        \code
        public trunk : public root {

                anytype xxx;

                virtual void to_setting ( const Setting &set ) {
                        root::to_setting( set );

                        UI::save ( xxx, set, "xxx" );
                        
                        ... // another stuff related directly to trunk class

                }

                ... // other members of this class

        };

        \endcode
        */
        virtual void to_setting ( Setting &set ) const {
        }

public:
        
        //!default constructor
        root() {};

        //! make sure this is a virtual object
        virtual ~root() {
        }

        //! Returns basic textual info about the current instance
        virtual string to_string() const {
                Config C;
                Setting &set=C.getRoot();
                this->to_setting(set);
                ostringstream os;
                UI_DBG(set, "", os);
                return os.str();
        }
        //! Register log levels of each inheritance layer to a logger, i.e. allocate space for data from this class
        virtual void log_register ( logger &L, const string &prefix ) {
        }

        //! Write current information into the given logger
        virtual void log_write() const {
        } 

        /*!     
        \brief  This method checks that all internal structures has been set up correctly.

        It is called automatically after the call of the #from_setting method by the mechanism of the UI class. 
        However, it can be called in any other situation to assure the correctness of an instance.
        
        The only obligatory rule concerning the body of this method is to call
        the corresponding base::validate method first. Sometimes, there can be 
        an exception from this rule. If so, the programmer is encouraged 
        to describe the reasons for this exception in the documentation in detail.      
        
        Then, only those checks which are not implemented in the base method 
        are implemented here. For instance, declaring a class \c trunk derived from our 
        #root class, the implementation of the method validate should 
        look like this

        \code
        public trunk : public root {

                virtual void validate ( ) {
                        root::validate( );

                        ... // checks related directly to trunk class
                }

                ... // other members of this class

        };

        \endcode

        */
        virtual void validate() {
        }

        //! Virtual method providing deep copy of instances
        virtual root* _copy() const NOT_IMPLEMENTED(NULL);
        
};

}; //namespace
#endif // root_H